Altice Labs GR240BG FiberGateway User Manual

Altice Labs GR240BG FiberGateway

Summary

The FiberGateway is an Optical Terminal Equipment (ONT) unit for Passive Optical Networks (PON) termination in an FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home) service delivery architecture. FiberGateway communicates with the OLT (Optical Line Terminal) for the PON side and with the customer’s premises for the client side. This equipment supports triple-play services – high-speed internet (HSI), voice (VoIP), video (IPTV), and WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). The use of the GPON fiber access technology does allow a significant service delivery increase when compared with traditional xDSL technologies.

The FiberGateway equipment technology is based on GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method), and complies with ITU-T G.984.x. recommendation as like as G.984.4 (OMCI) ensuring interoperability with major GPON OLT vendors (BBF.247).

These base functionalities, together with the support for bit rates of up to 2.5 Gbps (downstream) and 1.24 Gbps (upstream), an optical network splitting ratio of up to 1:64 in a single fiber, and a distance range of up to 60 km, make the GPON technology and the FiberGateway the most efficient option for passive optical network topologies when integrated service delivery is an issue. Together with multi-vendor OLT interoperability (BBF.247 certified), other differentiated features of the FiberGateway product include the use of an embedded optical reflective component that increases probing resolution in the case of FTTH probing. The FiberGateway is also one of the first single-household integrated CPE solutions (ONT+GATEWAY).

As opposed to the point-to-point architecture, in which there is one physical port per client in the Central Office, in GPON point-to-multipoint architecture there is only a single laser and photo-detector in the Central Office (CO) to serve up to 128 CPEs. All the Optical Distribution Network is built by means of passive equipment modules with a long-live MTBF standard and very low OPEX.

Technical Description

FiberGateway Main Functionalities

The FiberGateway is aimed for customer premises and complies with the ITU-T G.984.x recommendation in order to transport (over GPON) and deliver (to premises domain) the full broadband service pack.

Broadband service applications are commonly referred to as below:

• High-speed internet (HSI);
• Voice (VoIP) services (SIP/MEGACO H.248);
• TV (IPTV);
• Wi-Fi.

The multiplay environment is thus reinforced when combining the upper referred services.

FiberGateway Application Scenario

The next figure shows a possible gateway scenario for FiberGateway equipment when in an FTTx architecture.

Interfaces

Client interface options are of types:

• 4x 10/100/1000Base-T for Ethernet network connection (RJ45 connectors);
• 2x FXS channels (RJ11 connectors);
• Wi-Fi:
  • MIMO 4×4 @ 2.4GHz wireless interfaces (802.11 b/g/n);
  • MIMO 4×4 @ 5 GHz wireless interfaces (802.11 a/n/ac);
• 1x USB 2.0 Master for printer sharing, media sharing and for 3G/4G backup uplink;
• Control switches for power and Wi-Fi;

The network interface option is of type:

• GPON SC/APC Optical connector (B+/C+).

General Features

GPON is a point-to-multipoint passive optical network, in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically 1-64.

A PON consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) at the central office and a number of optical network terminals (ONT) at the customer premises. Downstream signals are broadcasted to all premises sharing multiple fibers. Encryption can prevent eavesdropping. Upstream signals are combined using a multiple access protocol (Time Division Multiple Access – TDMA). The OLT queues data to the various ONT terminals in order to provide time slot assignments for upstream communication.

In Figure 5 it is shown a scenario for a multi-service user domain basic architecture through an ISP network.

In the upstream direction, the FiberGateway is connected to the optical splitter and respectively to the OLT through the PON port to provide integrated access services through the service headend.

In the downstream direction, the FiberGateway is connected to various terminals through the following LAN-side ports to implement multi-play services:

• Four 10/100/1000M Base-T Ethernet ports, which can be connected to terminals such as PCs, STBs, and video phones to provide high-speed data and video services;
• Two FXS ports, which can be connected to telephone sets to provide VoIP services;
• Four Wi-Fi antennas, which can connect to Wi-Fi terminals wirelessly to provide a secure and reliable high-speed wireless network;
• One USB port, which can be connected to a USB storage device to provide convenient storage and file-sharing services within a home network;

The communication between client equipment (ONT) and the ISP access routers (MAN edge) is made by an optical fiber-based passive architecture (ITU-T G.984 Recommendation). The GPON network acts as a Layer 2 Ethernet metropolitan network. Access network assures and controls the media (MAC) communication through a TDMA scheme, introducing GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) in between to adapt the TDM layer to Ethernet. The used protocol stack is shown in Figure 6.

Several transmission containers (T-CONT) are assigned to each user. Each T-CONT has an associated GEM port and each GEM port has a VLAN identifier and an 802.1p priority level.

The ONT classifies the traffic depending on the VLAN and the marked priority and routes it over the
corresponding T-CONT/GEM port. Thus for frame multiplexing, GEM and T-CONT ports are used for
uplink while the downlink only uses the GEM ports feature.

FiberGateway complies with Broadband Forum TR-142 Technical Report, which defines a framework for the remote configuration and management of IP-based services over PON (Passive Optical Network) and fiber access technology.

TR-142 framework uses TR-069 which is the protocol of choice for the remote management and configuration of IP services over PON and fiber access networks. TR-069 is intended to be used for the remote configuration and management of IP services running over ONT, as well as for some aspects of ONT management.

TR-142 framework defines a virtual UNI between the OMCI (ONT Management Control Interface) and
TR-069 management domains.

This framework allows PON CPE with L3 layer capabilities to be mass remotely configured, troubleshoot, and managed by an ACS (Auto Configuration Server) using TR-069 CPE WAN Management Protocol.

General Architecture

FiberGateway basic system architecture is hereafter presented.

The GPON IC Processing unit is the core component inside FiberGateway. It is responsible for the interconnection and processing between client-side interfacing and the optical GPON Uplink interface

GPON

The FiberGateway GPON layer as G.984.x uses 1490nm downstream and 1310nm upstream of the optical wavelength, with 2,488Gbps downstream and 1,244Gbps upstream by using an SC/APC protected optical connector.

Ethernet

Ethernet is the wired LAN technology and is revised in the IEEE 802.3 standard. At the OSI reference system, Ethernet is at the Data Link layer. In the FiberGateway equipment, both WAN and LAN types of physical interfaces are 10/100/1000BASE-T AUTO-MIX Ethernet type over RJ45 connectors.

IPTV

For the IPTV service, the FiberGateway also behaves like a Layer 2 bridging device. For this service, the FiberGateway has a specific GEM PORT for Multicast. This same GEM PORT is requested by the user in order to have access to the various IPTV channels. Every time a user requests a new channel, FiberGateway will send OLT an IGMP packet requesting that Channel. The FiberGateway is also responsible for implementing the snooping for the channels that the user requests.

Voice

Supported VoIP specifications:

• Call control: SIPv1/v2;
• T.38 Fax relay;
• Fax/Data bypass;
• Echo canceller;
• Echo canceller length;
• Jitter buffer;
• Caller ID generation;
• G.711 PCMU;
• G.711 PCMA;
• G.723.1;
• G.726;
• G.729;
• VAD and CNG;
• Caller ID and call waiting;
• RTP/RTCP packet encapsulation;
• RFC 2833 Support;
• In-band signaling detection and generation (DTMF, call progress tones).
• Automatic Tone generation (dial, busy, ring back, stutter, distinctive ring);
• 3-Way conferencing.

Supported interfaces

FiberGateway voice service provisioning could be made through OLT configurations over OMCI messages or could be downloaded (FTP) from the OLT up to the FiberGateway after its registration on the PON network. FiberGateway equipment have the ability to deliver Voice service over two types of interfaces:

• Logical interface (VLAN encapsulation)
  If the FiberGateway has no FXS ports and the VoIP service is transparently forwarded from the OLT up to the Home Gateway (and vice versa) within a previously defined voice VLAN. FiberGateway respects the defined priority and implements the traffic encapsulation from its own Ethernet interface into a specific T-CONT/GEM-Port over the PON interface and up to the OLT equipment.
• Physical interface (FXS ports)
  The FiberGateway has physical RJ11 FXS interfaces. In this version of the FiberGateway equipment, voice interfaces are terminated in the equipment by means of FXS (RJ11) connections. The RJ11 analog terminals adapter function is auto/self-configured, integrated (analog/VoIP), and associated with a defined SIP or Megaco (H.248) user. The FiberGateway will allow VoIP or NGN (Next Generation Network) traffic from devices connected to the RJ11 or RJ45 interfaces, towards the same internal VLAN. Apart from the SIP and Megaco (H.248) self-configuration, it is also possible to make modifications in the voice service configurations by updating the FiberGateway SW through download from the OLT via OMCI. The FiberGateway equipment has a DHCP client to get an IP address, alternatively, the FiberGateway could be configured with a static IP. The configuration of the static IP or DHCP client is related to the WAN side and is enabled by the OLT.

Wi-Fi

FiberGateway Block DiagramThe 

FiberGateway circuit block diagram is presented in the figure below showing all oscillators in the device and its frequencies, Figure 9. Intentional radiators in the circuit and radio signal path between circuit blocks are also shown.

General Specifications

Interfaces

GPON
The FiberGateway GPON G.984.x layer uses 1490nm downstream and 1310nm upstream optical wavelengths, with 2.488Gbps downstream and 1.244Gbps upstream by using an SC/APC-protected optical connector

Optical Interfaces

FAX

Wi-Fi General Features General Service Description

Setup

Equipment Connectivity

FiberGateway connections are located at the back side of the equipment; WPS and INFO (for status LEDS information) push buttons, are located at the front side of the equipment, Figure 17.

FiberGateway LEDs

NOTES:

1. To obtain these status LEDS information INFO button must be pressed.
2. These status LEDS are always update (pressing INFO button is not required).

Typical FiberGateway usage scenario

Figure 16 bellow shows a FiberGateway Typle usage scenario showing Home Network connections for triple play service provisioning. FiberGateway connectors’ description can be found in Table 8 and connecting cables are described in Table 11..

Before installing the FiberGateway equipment

Safety Warnings

• Check for site’s environmental conditions and look for power and optical access points nearby;\
• Do not install the device in environments where the temperature or humidity exceeds the standard limits;
• This device is a passive cooling device. To prevent equipment overheating do not obstruct the ventilation grids on of the equipment; Q_PDS_DM_09_V1.2

FiberGateway User Manual

Setup

• The FiberGateway device is not designed for outdoor setup. Please place it in a convenient indoor/cabinet environment;
• Use only the provided power kit. The use of a third party power adapter may not guarantee its proper operation;
• To avoid eye hazard, never look directly into a fiber optic port or connector;

Wireless network installation best practices

In order to achieve FiberGateway wireless network best performance the following installation rules should be observed:

• FiberGateway front side should be oriented towards the area where the wireless network is to be used;
• FiberGateway installation place should be at least 1 meter high and without :
  • Interference sources nearby, such as Microwave ovens, DECT 2.4 GHz phones, Audio/Video transmitters, Bluetooth equipment, Baby Monitors, etc.
  • Obstacles such as walls, stairs, ceilings, doors, Metal Objects, Windows, etc between the installation place and the Wi-Fi usage area.

Connections

FiberGateway connections are located at the back side of the equipment; WPS and INFO (for status LEDS information) push buttons, are located at the front side of the equipment, Figure 17.

FiberGateway Setup

FibeGateway is intended to be installed on a flat surface. The following table identifies the set of materials that may be required to install the equipment, depending on the home network scenario.

Configuration

Software download from the OLT

The software download is made following the OMCI-based procedure included in the ‘Implementer’s Guide’ of the G.984.4 Recommendation. The Managed Entity (ME) in charge of managing the software download is named Software Image. Per each ME containing independently managed software, the FiberGateway creates two software images. Each image will have three attributes:

• Valid – if it has been verified that its content is an image with executable code;
• Committed – if once the FiberGateway is rebooted, it is loaded and executed;
• Active – if it is loaded and it is being executed in the FiberGateway.

There can be only one active image and only one committed image at a given moment. The FiberGateway goes through a series of states in order to download and activate a software image. Each state is defined according to the states of the variables of both images. The OLT controls the FiberGateway state through a series of commands:

• Start Download
  • It starts the software download sequence. This action is only valid for inactive and noncommitted software images;
• Download section
  • It downloads a section of a software image. This action is only valid for an image that is being downloaded;
• End download
  • It indicates the end of a download sequence, providing the CRC and information about the version for the final verification of the downloaded software image. This action is only valid for a software image that is being downloaded;
• Activate image
  • It loads/executes a valid software image. When this action is applied to an inactive software image, the execution of the current code image is suspended, the associated software image is loaded from the non-volatile memory, and the execution of the new code image is started. When this action is applied over a software image that is active, a reboot is executed;
• Commit image
  • It selects a valid SW image to be loaded and executed by default when the FiberGateway is restarted;
• Composition of the Software Image
  • A software image is divided into sections of 31 bytes, with one section per OMCC message and each section protected by the CRC of the OMCC. A group of sections makes up a window, and a group of windows constitutes the image.

Troubleshooting

The table below, according to the equipment LEDs’ status, (Table 9, Table 10), identifies a possible cause and describes the procedure to fix the problem.

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Altice Labs GR240BG FiberGateway-FAQs